LESSONS

The Prohuman Kindergarten curriculum is aligned to two sets of standards: Common Core State Standards for English Language Arts & Literacy and Character and Social Emotional Development (CSED) National Guidelines. The full collection of units introduces all nine of the prohuman character strengths: optimism, grit, gratitude, curiosity, courage, compassion, fairness, understanding, and humanity. Unit 5, Lesson 1, “What is Courage?” introduces the spelling and definition of the word courage. Students will learn examples of courage, provided by the accompanying video. Additionally, students will practice the correct spelling of courage, demonstrate comprehension through a pictorial demonstration, and practice conversation skills by sharing their illustrations with a partner. SUGGESTED TIME: 20 minutes RELATED SUBJECT: English Language Arts LEARNING OUTCOMES: Correctly spell and define courage Demonstrate comprehension by producing a pictorial representation Practice conversation skills by sharing pictures with classmates REQUIRED MATERIALS: Video: Kids Talk About Bravery and Courage by PBS Kids (~9 min) Prohuman Kindergarten Unit 5 Worksheet 1: What is Courage? VOCABULARY: Courage: I do what I think is right even when I am afraid. ELA COMMON CORE STANDARDS MET CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RI.K.4 Ask and answer questions about unknown words in a text. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RI.K.10 Actively engage in group reading activities with purpose and understanding. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.K.1 Participate in collaborative conversations with diverse partners about kindergarten topics and texts with peers and adults in small and larger groups. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.K.1.A Follow agreed-upon rules for discussions (e.g., listening to others and taking turns speaking about the topics and texts under discussion). CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.K.1.A Print many upper- and lowercase letters. CHARACTER AND SOCIAL EMOTIONAL (CSED) NATIONAL STANDARDS MET Moral Character A Know, understand, and practice the character strengths of honesty and integrity, caring and compassion, gratitude, and the courage to take initiative Self-Awareness A2 Identify personal strengths (e.g., honesty, curiosity, listening) Self-Management A3 Explain the different ways people respond to problems and challenges (e.g., ask for help, try harder, learn from mistakes) Social-Awareness A3 Demonstrate the ability to listen carefully and intentionally to others Interpersonal/ Relationship Skills 1 Initiate and engage in conversation and social interactions with classmates, peers, and adults Interpersonal/ Relationship Skills 7 Play games and appropriately participate in small group classroom activities Responsible and Ethical Decision-Making 1 Describe a rule or principle that everyone should strive to live by (e.g., be kind, be honest, try your best) LESSON PROCEDURE Today we will talk about courage. Write courage on the board. Ask the students: What is courage? Play the video Kids Talk About Bravery and Courage by PBS Kids (~9 min) Give an example of courage (e.g., I had courage when I went to the doctor even though I was afraid.) Write three sentences on the board and ask students which one shows courage: I am afraid to go to the doctor. I get scared in my basement, so I don’t go down there. I am afraid of going to the dentist, but I went and listened to the dentist. Ask the students to write courage on their worksheets. Ask the students: What is a superhero? Ask the students: What are some different types of powers that superheroes might have? Tell students to think about if they were a superhero, what power they would want to give them courage, and to write that power on their worksheet. Circle the room to support the students in sounding out and correctly spelling their words. Have students color the picture on their worksheets. Have students share their pictures with a partner. EXTENSION ACTIVITIES Talk with your students about times you have seen examples of people demonstrating courage. You can give examples of family, friends, and/or historical or current public figures. Talk with your students about times when you have demonstrated courage, despite hardships. KINDERGARTEN UNIT 5 WORKSHEET 1: WHAT IS COURAGE? Courage: I do what I think is right even when I am afraid. Write the word courage: If you were a superhero, what would be your power to give you courage? Color the superheroes

Fiction

The Prohuman Kindergarten curriculum is aligned to two sets of standards: Common Core State Standards for English Language Arts and Character and Social Emotional Development (CSED) National Guidelines. The full collection of units introduces all nine of the prohuman character strengths: optimism, grit, gratitude, curiosity, courage, compassion, fairness, understanding, and humanity. Unit 5, Lesson 2, “Learning Courage from Literature,” reinforces the vocabulary word courage. Students will learn an example of courage from a contemporary work of children’s literature. Additionally, students will practice spelling courage, copy the definition of the word courage, and create a pictorial representation of courage that demonstrates reading comprehension. SUGGESTED TIME: 20 minutes RELATED SUBJECT: English Language Arts LEARNING OUTCOMES: Listen to a read aloud to reinforce understanding of English sentence structure, syntax, and grammar Spell, define, and give an example of courage Demonstrate understanding of standard English sentence structure and grammar in writing and speaking Practice reading and conversation skills by sharing pictures with classmates REQUIRED MATERIALS: Book: I Am Courage: A Book of Resilience by Susan Verde (text) or Video: Read aloud of I Am Courage by Learn with Me Mrs. Sullivan (~3 min) Prohuman Kindergarten Unit 5 Worksheet 2: Learning Courage from Literature VOCABULARY: Courage: I do what I think is right even when I am afraid. ELA COMMON CORE STANDARDS MET CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RI.K.4 Ask and answer questions about unknown words in a text. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RI.K.8 With prompting and support, describe the relationship between illustrations and the story in which they appear. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RI.K.10 Actively engage in group reading activities with purpose and understanding. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.K.1 Participate in collaborative conversations with diverse partners about kindergarten topics and texts with peers and adults in small and larger groups. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.K.1.A Follow agreed-upon rules for discussions (e.g., listening to others and taking turns speaking about the topics and texts under discussion). CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.K.1.A Print many upper- and lowercase letters. CHARACTER AND SOCIAL EMOTIONAL (CSED) NATIONAL STANDARDS MET Moral Character A Know, understand, and practice the character strengths of honesty and integrity, caring and compassion, gratitude, and the courage to take initiative Self-Awareness A2 Identify personal strengths (e.g., honesty, curiosity, listening) Self-Management A3 Explain the different ways people respond to problems and challenges (e.g., ask for help, try harder, learn from mistakes) Social-Awareness A3 Demonstrate the ability to listen carefully and intentionally to others Interpersonal/ Relationship Skills 1 Initiate and engage in conversation and social interactions with classmates, peers, and adults Interpersonal/ Relationship Skills 7 Play games and appropriately participate in small group classroom activities Responsible and Ethical Decision-Making 1 Describe a rule or principle that everyone should strive to live by (e.g., be kind, be honest, try your best) LESSON PROCEDURE Write courage on the board. Ask students to spell courage on their worksheets. Ask students to copy the definition of courage on their worksheet. Read the book I Am Courage: A Book of Resilience by Susan Verde (text) or play the Video: Read aloud of I Am Courage by Learn with Me Mrs. Sullivan (~3 min) Ask students how the girl in the story showed courage. Ask students to draw a picture on their worksheets that shows how the child in the story showed courage. Ask students to share their pictures with their classmates. KINDERGARTEN UNIT 5 WORKSHEET 2: LEARNING COURAGE FROM LITERATURE Courage: I do what I think is right even when I am afraid. Write the word courage: ACTIVITY: Write the definition of the word courage: Draw a picture that shows how the girl in the story showed courage:

Nonfiction

The Prohuman Kindergarten curriculum is aligned to two sets of standards: Common Core State Standards for English Language Arts and Character and Social Emotional Development (CSED) National Guidelines. The full collection of units introduces all nine of the prohuman character strengths: optimism, grit, gratitude, curiosity, courage, compassion, fairness, understanding, and humanity. Unit 5, Lesson 3, “Learning Courage from a Nonfiction Text,” reinforces the vocabulary word courage. Students will learn examples of courage from a nonfiction text by listening to a read aloud. Also, students will develop their reading skills by reading the text aloud to a partner. Finally, students will practice their writing skills by copying a sentence about courage. SUGGESTED TIME: 20 minutes RELATED SUBJECT: English Language Arts LEARNING OUTCOMES: Listen to a read aloud to reinforce understanding of English sentence structure, syntax, and grammar Spell, define, and give an example of courage Correctly copy a sentence about courage Demonstrate understanding of standard English sentence structure and grammar in writing and speaking Practice reading and conversation skills by sharing sentences with classmates REQUIRED MATERIALS: Prohuman Kindergarten Unit 5 Worksheet 3: Learning Courage from a Nonfiction Text VOCABULARY: Courage: I do what I think is right even when I am afraid. ELA COMMON CORE STANDARDS MET CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RL.K.1 With prompting and support, ask and answer questions about key details in a text. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RI.K.2 With prompting and support, identify the main topic and retell key details of a text. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RI.K.3 With prompting and support, describe the connection between two individuals, events, ideas, or pieces of information in a text. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RI.K.4 Ask and answer questions about unknown words in a text. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RI.K.10 Actively engage in group reading activities with purpose and understanding. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.K.1 Participate in collaborative conversations with diverse partners about kindergarten topics and texts with peers and adults in small and larger groups. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.K.1.A Follow agreed-upon rules for discussions (e.g., listening to others and taking turns speaking about the topics and texts under discussion). CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.K.2 Confirm understanding of a text read aloud or information presented orally or through other media by asking and answering questions about key details and requesting clarification if something is not understood. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.K.6 Speak audibly and express thoughts, feelings, and ideas clearly. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.K.1.A Print many upper- and lowercase letters. CHARACTER AND SOCIAL EMOTIONAL (CSED) NATIONAL STANDARDS MET Moral Character A Know, understand, and practice the character strengths of honesty and integrity, caring and compassion, gratitude, and the courage to take initiative Self-Awareness A2 Identify personal strengths (e.g., honesty, curiosity, listening) Self-Management A3 Explain the different ways people respond to problems and challenges (e.g., ask for help, try harder, learn from mistakes) Social-Awareness A3 Demonstrate the ability to listen carefully and intentionally to others Interpersonal/ Relationship Skills 1 Initiate and engage in conversation and social interactions with classmates, peers, and adults Interpersonal/ Relationship Skills 7 Play games and appropriately participate in small group classroom activities Responsible and Ethical Decision-Making 1 Describe a rule or principle that everyone should strive to live by (e.g., be kind, be honest, try your best) LESSON PROCEDURE Write courage on the board. Ask students to spell courage on their worksheets. Read the nonfiction text on the worksheet. Ask students what is the main topic of the text. Ask students what are the key details of the text. Ask students what is the relationship between courage, doctor, school, and playground in the text. Have students take turns reading the nonfiction text to a partner. Have students copy the sentence on the worksheet. KINDERGARTEN UNIT 5 WORKSHEET 3: LEARNING COURAGE FROM A NONFICTION TEXT NONFICTION TEXT: Courage means that I do what I think is right even when I am afraid. I can have courage when I go to the doctor’s office. I might be afraid, but I have courage and know that the doctor will not hurt me. I can have courage when I go to school. At times, it might be hard to learn some things. I can have courage to face hard things so that I can learn. I can have courage on the playground. Sometimes, it is hard to make new friends. I can have courage to talk to the other kids and play nicely with them. ACTIVITY: Write the word courage: Write this sentence about courage: I can show courage when I go to the doctor. The doctor will not hurt me.

Nonfiction

The Prohuman Kindergarten curriculum is aligned to two sets of standards: Common Core State Standards for English Language Arts and Character and Social Emotional Development (CSED) National Guidelines. The full collection of units introduces all nine of the prohuman character strengths: optimism, grit, gratitude, curiosity, courage, compassion, fairness, understanding, and humanity. In Unit 5, Lesson 4, “Writing About Courage,” students will practice writing sentence dictations from the teacher. Then students will work with a partner to read their sentences aloud. SUGGESTED TIME: 20 minutes RELATED SUBJECT: English Language Arts LEARNING OUTCOMES: Write 3 sentence dictations using phonetically spelled words Demonstrate understanding of standard English sentence structure and grammar in writing and speaking Practice reading and conversation skills by sharing sentences with classmates REQUIRED MATERIALS: Prohuman Kindergarten Unit 5 Worksheet 4: Writing About Courage VOCABULARY: Courage: I do what I think is right even when I am afraid. ELA COMMON CORE STANDARDS MET CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RI.K.10 Actively engage in group reading activities with purpose and understanding. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.K.1 Participate in collaborative conversations with diverse partners about kindergarten topics and texts with peers and adults in small and larger groups. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.K.1.A Follow agreed-upon rules for discussions (e.g., listening to others and taking turns speaking about the topics and texts under discussion). CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.K.6 Speak audibly and express thoughts, feelings, and ideas clearly. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.K.1 Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English grammar and usage when writing or speaking. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.K.1.A Print many upper- and lowercase letters. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.K.1.B Use frequently occurring nouns and verbs. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.K.2.A Capitalize the first word in a sentence and the pronoun I CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.K.2.B Recognize and name end punctuation. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.K.2.C Write a letter or letters for most consonant and short-vowel sounds (phonemes). CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.K.2.D Spell simple words phonetically, drawing on knowledge of sound-letter relationships CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.K.1.E Use the most frequently occurring prepositions (e.g., to, from, in, out, on, off, for, of, by, with). CHARACTER AND SOCIAL EMOTIONAL (CSED) NATIONAL STANDARDS MET Moral Character A Know, understand, and practice the character strengths of honesty and integrity, caring and compassion, gratitude, and the courage to take initiative Performance Character A Know, understand, and practice the character strengths of self-discipline, responsibility, goal setting and grit Self-Awareness A2 Identify personal strengths (e.g., honesty, curiosity, listening) Self-Management A3 Explain the different ways people respond to problems and challenges (e.g., ask for help, try harder, learn from mistakes) Social-Awareness A3 Demonstrate the ability to listen carefully and intentionally to others Interpersonal/ Relationship Skills 1 Initiate and engage in conversation and social interactions with classmates, peers, and adults Interpersonal/ Relationship Skills 7 Play games and appropriately participate in small group classroom activities Responsible and Ethical Decision-Making 1 Describe a rule or principle that everyone should strive to live by (e.g., be kind, be honest, try your best) LESSON PROCEDURE Explain the worksheet to the students: Today on your worksheet, I will read you three sentences. You will write each word you hear on your worksheet. Write on your worksheet beside number 1: I have courage. Write on your worksheet beside number 2: She has courage. Write on your worksheet beside number 3: He is afraid to go in the basement, but he goes. KINDERGARTEN UNIT 5 WORKSHEET 4: WRITING ABOUT COURAGE Courage: I do what I think is right even when I am afraid.