LESSONS

Fiction

The Prohuman Grade 1 curriculum is aligned to two sets of standards: Common Core State Standards for English Language Arts and Character and Social Emotional Development (CSED) National Guidelines. The full collection of units introduces all nine of the prohuman character strengths: optimism, grit, gratitude, curiosity, courage, compassion, fairness, understanding, and humanity. Unit 7, Lesson 1, “Learning Fairness from Literature,” reinforces the vocabulary word fairness. Students will learn the examples of fairness from a contemporary work of children’s literature. Additionally, students will create their own sentences that demonstrate their comprehension of the word fairness. Finally, students will practice their reading and conversation skills by sharing sentences with classmates. SUGGESTED TIME: 20 minutes RELATED SUBJECT: English Language Arts LEARNING OUTCOMES: Listen to a read aloud to reinforce understanding of English sentence structure, syntax, and grammar Spell, define, and give an example of fairness Compose sentences that demonstrate comprehension of the word fairness Demonstrate understanding of standard English sentence structure and grammar in writing and speaking Practice reading and conversation skills by sharing sentences with classmates REQUIRED MATERIALS: M&Ms or Smarties candy – enough so that each student can have 5 pieces of candy Book: Justin Keeps It Fair by Kristin Johnson or Video: Read aloud of Justin Keeps It Fair by C & S Learning Facilitators (~4 min) Prohuman Grade 1 Unit 7 Worksheet 1: Learning Fairness From Literature VOCABULARY: Fairness: I treat everyone the same. If someone has been left out, I bring them in. ELA COMMON CORE STANDARDS MET CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RF.1.1 Demonstrate understanding of the organization and basic features of print. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RF.1.1.A Recognize the distinguishing features of a sentence (e.g., first word, capitalization, ending punctuation). CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RF.1.2 Demonstrate understanding of spoken words, syllables, and sounds (phonemes). CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RF.1.3 Know and apply grade-level phonics and word analysis skills in decoding words. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RF.1.4 Read with sufficient accuracy and fluency to support comprehension. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RL.1.1 Ask and answer questions about key details in a text. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RL.1.10 With prompting and support, read prose and poetry of appropriate complexity for grade 1. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.1.1 Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English grammar and usage when writing or speaking. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.1.2 Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English capitalization, punctuation, and spelling when writing. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.1.1 Participate in collaborative conversations with diverse partners about kindergarten topics and texts with peers and adults in small and larger groups. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.1.1.A Follow agreed-upon rules for discussions (e.g., listening to others and taking turns speaking about the topics and texts under discussion). CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.1.2 Ask and answer questions about key details in a text read aloud or information presented orally or through other media. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.1.6 Produce complete sentences when appropriate to task and situation. CHARACTER AND SOCIAL EMOTIONAL (CSED) NATIONAL STANDARDS MET Civic Character A Know, understand, and practice the character strengths of fairness, respect, volunteering and contributing to the common good Civic Character A1 Understand why it is important to share, take turns, and follow rules (of a game, at home or school) Civic Character A2 Explain why it is important for everyone to be respectful, courteous and polite Civic Character B Apply and demonstrate the character strengths of fairness, respect, volunteering and contributing to the common good Civic Character B1 Demonstrate the ability to share, take turns and follow rules (of a game, at home or school) Civic Character B2 Demonstrate the ability to be respectful, courteous and polite Self-Awareness A1 Identify and name different emotions (e.g., positive emotions, negative emotions, intense emotions) Self-Awareness A2 Identify personal strengths (e.g., honesty, curiosity, listening) Self-Management A3 Explain the different ways people respond to problems and challenges (e.g., ask for help, try harder, learn from mistakes) Social-Awareness A3 Demonstrate the ability to listen carefully and intentionally to others Social-Awareness A6 Be able to tell stories and listen to stories told by others Interpersonal/ Relationship Skills 1 Initiate and engage in conversation and social interactions with classmates, peers, and adults Interpersonal/ Relationship Skills 4 Identify and practice appropriate behaviors to maintain positive relationships (e.g., sharing, helping, saying something nice) Interpersonal/ Relationship Skills 5 Recognize and practice the skills to prevent, manage, and constructively resolve interpersonal conflicts (e.g., cool off, affirm, forgive, thank) Interpersonal/ Relationship Skills 7 Play games and appropriately participate in small group classroom activities Responsible and Ethical Decision-Making 1 Describe a rule or principle that everyone should strive to live by (e.g., be kind, be honest, try your best) LESSON PROCEDURE Today we will learn about fairness. Write fairness on the board. Tell students that fairness means that we treat everyone the same. If someone has been left out, we bring them in. Ask students to spell fairness on their worksheets. Let’s do an activity to learn fairness. Have all students wash their hands. Divide students into groups of three. Give each group 15 pieces of candy. Tell them to count the candy and divide it fairly. Ask students how they decided what was fair. Read the book Justin Keeps It Fair by Kristin Johnson or play the video Read aloud of Justin Keeps It Fair by C & S Learning Facilitators (~4 min) Ask students some of the things the book says about fairness. Let’s work on some writing about fairness. Ask students to write one sentence on their worksheet that explains how the characters in the book showed the meaning of fairness. Ask students to write one sentence on their worksheet that explains a time they showed fairness. Ask students to read their sentences to a partner. EXTENSION ACTIVITIES - SUGGESTIONS Talk with your students about times that you have seen examples of people demonstrating fairness. You could give examples of family, friends, and/or historical or current public figures. Talk with your students about times in your life that you have demonstrated fairness, despite hardships. GRADE 1 UNIT 7 WORKSHEET 1: LEARNING FAIRNESS FROM LITERATURE Fairness: I treat everyone the same. If someone has been left out, I bring them in. Write the word fairness: ACTIVITY: Write 1 sentence that explains how the book Justin Keeps It Fair showed what fairness means: Write 1 sentence that explains a time when you showed fairness:

Nonfiction

The Prohuman Grade 1 curriculum is aligned to two sets of standards: Common Core State Standards for English Language Arts and Character and Social Emotional Development (CSED) National Guidelines. The full collection of units introduces all nine of the prohuman character strengths: optimism, grit, gratitude, curiosity, courage, compassion, fairness, understanding, and humanity. Unit 7, Lesson 2, “Learning Fairness from a Nonfiction Text,” reinforces the vocabulary word fairness. Students will read a nonfiction text that shows how a real person demonstrated fairness. Additionally, students will practice their reading comprehension skills by reading independently and hearing a reading from the teacher. Finally, students will create their own sentences that demonstrate their reading comprehension and share their sentences with a classmate. SUGGESTED TIME: 20 minutes RELATED SUBJECT: English Language Arts LEARNING OUTCOMES: Practice reading aloud to develop reading comprehension skills Spell, define, and give an example of fairness Compose 3 sentences that demonstrate comprehension of the word fairness Demonstrate understanding of standard English sentence structure and grammar Practice reading and conversation skills by sharing sentences with classmates VOCABULARY: Fairness: I treat everyone the same. If someone has been left out, I bring them in. REQUIRED MATERIALS: A piece of blank paper for each student Crayons or markers for each student Tape for each student to tape up their poster Video: Jaylen’s Challenge - News Segment by Jaylen’s Challenge (~2 min) Prohuman Grade 1 Unit 7 Worksheet 2: Learning Fairness from a Nonfiction Text ELA COMMON CORE STANDARDS MET CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RF.1.1 Demonstrate understanding of the organization and basic features of print. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RF.1.1.A Recognize the distinguishing features of a sentence (e.g., first word, capitalization, ending punctuation). CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RF.1.2 Demonstrate understanding of spoken words, syllables, and sounds (phonemes). CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RF.1.3 Know and apply grade-level phonics and word analysis skills in decoding words. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RF.1.3.B Decode regularly spelled one-syllable words. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RF.1.3.G Recognize and read grade-appropriate irregularly spelled words. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RF.1.4 Read with sufficient accuracy and fluency to support comprehension. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RF.1.4.A Read grade-level text with purpose and understanding. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RF.1.4.C Use context to confirm or self-correct word recognition and understanding, rereading as necessary. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RI.1.1 Ask and answer questions about key details in a text. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RI.1.2 Identify the main topic and retell key details of a text. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RI.1.4 Ask and answer questions to help determine or clarify the meaning of words and phrases in a text. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RI.1.10 With prompting and support, read informational texts appropriately complex for grade CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.1.1 Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English grammar and usage when writing or speaking. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.1.1.G Use frequently occurring conjunctions (e.g., and, but, or, so, because). CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.1.2 Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English capitalization, punctuation, and spelling when writing. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.1.2.B Use end punctuation for sentences. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.1.2.D Use conventional spelling for words with common spelling patterns and for frequently occurring irregular words. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.1.2.E Spell untaught words phonetically, drawing on phonemic awareness and spelling conventions. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.1.1 Participate in collaborative conversations with diverse partners about grade 1 topics and texts with peers and adults in small and larger groups. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.1.1.A Follow agreed-upon rules for discussions (e.g., listening to others and taking turns speaking about the topics and texts under discussion). CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.1.1.B Build on others' talk in conversations by responding to the comments of others through multiple exchanges CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.1.1.C Ask questions to clear up any confusion about the topics and texts under discussion. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.1.2 Ask and answer questions about key details in a text read aloud or information presented orally or through other media. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.1.6 Produce complete sentences when appropriate to task and situation CHARACTER AND SOCIAL EMOTIONAL (CSED) NATIONAL STANDARDS MET Civic Character A Know, understand, and practice the character strengths of fairness, respect, volunteering and contributing to the common good Civic Character A1 Understand why it is important to share, take turns, and follow rules (of a game, at home or school) Civic Character A2 Explain why it is important for everyone to be respectful, courteous and polite Civic Character A3 Explain what it means to follow the “Golden Rule” Civic Character B Apply and demonstrate the character strengths of fairness, respect, volunteering and contributing to the common good Civic Character B1 Demonstrate the ability to share, take turns and follow rules (of a game, at home or school) Civic Character B2 Demonstrate the ability to be respectful, courteous and polite Self-Awareness A2 Identify personal strengths (e.g., honesty, curiosity, listening) Self-Management A3 Explain the different ways people respond to problems and challenges (e.g., ask for help, try harder, learn from mistakes) Social-Awareness A Demonstrate the ability to empathize and take the perspective of others, including demonstrating awareness of cultural differences and respect for human dignity Social-Awareness A2 Demonstrate the ability to care about how others are feeling Social-Awareness A3 Demonstrate the ability to listen carefully and intentionally to others Social-Awareness A6 Be able to tell stories and listen to stories told by others Interpersonal/ Relationship Skills 1 Initiate and engage in conversation and social interactions with classmates, peers, and adults Interpersonal/ Relationship Skills 4 Identify and practice appropriate behaviors to maintain positive relationships (e.g., sharing, helping, saying something nice) Interpersonal/ Relationship Skills 5 Recognize and practice the skills to prevent, manage, and constructively resolve interpersonal conflicts (e.g., cool off, affirm, forgive, thank) Interpersonal/ Relationship Skills 6 Learn to resolve conflicts without hitting, throwing a tantrum, or using hurtful language Interpersonal/ Relationship Skills 7 Play games and appropriately participate in small group classroom activities Responsible and Ethical Decision-Making 1 Describe a rule or principle that everyone should strive to live by (e.g., be kind, be honest, try your best) LESSON PROCEDURE Today we will continue to learn about fairness. Write fairness on the board. Ask students to spell fairness on their worksheets. Ask students what we learned about fairness last time. Play the video Jaylen’s Challenge (~2 min) Have students read the nonfiction text on their worksheets independently, quietly to themselves. Circle the room to support the students. After giving the students 10 minutes to practice reading, read the worksheet text aloud to the whole class. Ask students to complete their worksheets. Have students take turns sharing their sentences with a partner. Activity: Show the students Jaylen’s posters about why it is important to stop bullying at school. Have students each make a poster by drawing a picture that shows kids being nice to each other. Write choices of words they can write at the top on the board for them to copy on their posters such as: Be Nice at School Be Kind at School Make Friends at School We Care About Our Friends School is a Place for Friends School is a Place of Kindness When students are finished, take them on a (quiet) walk through the school and have them choose a place to tape their posters. GRADE 1 UNIT 7 WORKSHEET 2: LEARNING FAIRNESS FROM A NONFICTION TEXT Fairness: I treat everyone the same. If someone has been left out, I bring them in. Write the word fairness: NONFICTION TEXT: JAYLEN’S FAIRNESS Jaylen Arnold is a differently abled kid who was bullied by other kids. Being bullied, or bullying, means that one person seeks to hurt another person. Jaylen didn’t let bullying stop him. He wanted to fight back with words, rather than with fists or name-calling. Jaylen is changing the world through his challenge. He wants everyone to treat each other with fairness and put an end to bullying. When Jaylen was eight years old, he created a group called Jaylen’s Challenge to help teach kids that bullying other kids is wrong. Jaylen tours the country speaking to kids and spreading the message: “Bullying: No way!” He helps kids to understand that it is very important to treat everyone with fairness and to never bully anyone. Source: Jaylen’s Challenge website: https://www.jaylenschallenge.org/ ACTIVITY: Write 1 sentence that explains how Jaylen showed fairness. Write 1 sentence that explains how Jaylen’s fairness helped other people. What does it mean to follow the “Golden Rule”? Write 1 sentence about how you can show fairness.

Nonfiction

The Prohuman Grade 1 curriculum is aligned to two sets of standards: Common Core State Standards for English Language Arts and Character and Social Emotional Development (CSED) National Guidelines. The full collection of units introduces all nine of the prohuman character strengths: optimism, grit, gratitude, curiosity, courage, compassion, fairness, understanding, and humanity. Unit 7, Lesson 3, “Writing an Opinion Piece About Fairness,” reinforces the vocabulary word fairness. Students will have the opportunity to practice writing an opinion piece in which they introduce the topic, state an opinion, supply reasons for the opinion, and provide some sense of closure. SUGGESTED TIME: 20 minutes RELATED SUBJECT: English Language Arts LEARNING OUTCOMES: Demonstrate comprehension of the word fairness. Write an opinion piece that introduces the topic, states an opinion, supplies a reason for the opinion, and provides some sense of closure. Demonstrate understanding of standard English sentence structure and grammar VOCABULARY: Fairness: I treat everyone the same. If someone has been left out, I bring them in. REQUIRED MATERIALS: Prohuman Grade 1 Unit 7 Worksheet 3: Writing an Opinion Piece About Fairness ELA COMMON CORE STANDARDS MET CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RF.1.1 Demonstrate understanding of the organization and basic features of print. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RF.1.1.A Recognize the distinguishing features of a sentence (e.g., first word, capitalization, ending punctuation). CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.1.1.B Use common, proper, and possessive nouns. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.1.1.C Use singular and plural nouns with matching verbs in basic sentences (e.g., He hops; We hop). CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.1.1.D Use personal, possessive, and indefinite pronouns (e.g., I, me, my; they, them, their, anyone, everything). CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.1.1.G Use frequently occurring conjunctions (e.g., and, but, or, so, because). CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.1.2 Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English capitalization, punctuation, and spelling when writing. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.1.2.B Use end punctuation for sentences. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.1.2.E Spell untaught words phonetically, drawing on phonemic awareness and spelling conventions. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.1.6 Produce complete sentences when appropriate to task and situation CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.W.1.1 Write opinion pieces in which they introduce the topic or name the book they are writing about, state an opinion, supply a reason for the opinion, and provide some sense of closure. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.W.1.8 With guidance and support from adults, recall information from experiences or gather information from provided sources to answer a question. CHARACTER AND SOCIAL EMOTIONAL (CSED) NATIONAL STANDARDS MET Civic Character A Know, understand, and practice the character strengths of fairness, respect, volunteering and contributing to the common good Civic Character A1 Understand why it is important to share, take turns, and follow rules (of a game, at home or school) Civic Character A2 Explain why it is important for everyone to be respectful, courteous and polite Civic Character A3 Explain what it means to follow the “Golden Rule” Civic Character B Apply and demonstrate the character strengths of fairness, respect, volunteering and contributing to the common good Civic Character B1 Demonstrate the ability to share, take turns and follow rules (of a game, at home or school) Civic Character B2 Demonstrate the ability to be respectful, courteous and polite Social-Awareness A Demonstrate the ability to empathize and take the perspective of others, including demonstrating awareness of cultural differences and respect for human dignity Social-Awareness A2 Demonstrate the ability to care about how others are feeling Social-Awareness A3 Demonstrate the ability to listen carefully and intentionally to others Interpersonal/ Relationship Skills 1 Initiate and engage in conversation and social interactions with classmates, peers, and adults Interpersonal/ Relationship Skills 4 Identify and practice appropriate behaviors to maintain positive relationships (e.g., sharing, helping, saying something nice) Interpersonal/ Relationship Skills 5 Recognize and practice the skills to prevent, manage, and constructively resolve interpersonal conflicts (e.g., cool off, affirm, forgive, thank) Interpersonal/ Relationship Skills 6 Learn to resolve conflicts without hitting, throwing a tantrum, or using hurtful language Interpersonal/ Relationship Skills 7 Play games and appropriately participate in small group classroom activities Responsible and Ethical Decision-Making 1 Describe a rule or principle that everyone should strive to live by (e.g., be kind, be honest, try your best) LESSON PROCEDURE Today we will write an opinion piece about fairness. An opinion piece introduces the topic, states your opinion on the topic, supplies a reason for the opinion, and provides some sense of closure. Write fairness on the board. Here is an example of an opinion piece about fairness. Write on the board: Topic: I treat everyone the same. If someone has been left out, I bring them in. Opinion: I think it is important to show fairness. Reason 1: Showing fairness treats other people with the respect they deserve. Reason 2: Being fair makes society better because everyone knows that they will be treated the same as everyone else. Closure: I will keep treating everyone with fairness. Now each student will write their own opinion piece about fairness on their worksheet. NOTE: Collect and keep the worksheet on the following page for the next day’s lesson in which students will share their opinion pieces with a partner. GRADE 1 UNIT 7 WORKSHEET 3: WRITING AN OPINION PIECE ABOUT FAIRNESS Fairness: I treat everyone the same. If someone has been left out, I bring them in. Write the word fairness: ACTIVITY: Write an opinion piece about fairness: Topic: Opinion: Reason 1: Reason 2: Closure:

The Prohuman Grade 1 curriculum is aligned to two sets of standards: Common Core State Standards for English Language Arts and Character and Social Emotional Development (CSED) National Guidelines. The full collection of units introduces all nine of the prohuman character strengths: optimism, grit, gratitude, curiosity, courage, compassion, fairness, understanding, and humanity. Unit 7, Lesson 4, “Sharing Opinion Pieces About Fairness,” reinforces the vocabulary word fairness. Students will practice their reading skills by reading their opinion pieces to a partner and their listening skills by listening to their partner’s opinion pieces. Finally, students will write two complete sentences about two ways they have shown fairness. SUGGESTED TIME: 20 minutes RELATED SUBJECT: English Language Arts LEARNING OUTCOMES: Read aloud to a partner to support development of English pronunciation, syntax, and grammar Listen to a partners’ reading to develop active listening skills Participate in a class discussion to develop active listening and conversation skills Write complete sentences to practice correct English syntax and grammar VOCABULARY: Fairness: I treat everyone the same. If someone has been left out, I bring them in. REQUIRED MATERIALS: Prohuman Grade 1 Unit 7 Worksheet 4: Sharing Opinion Pieces About Fairness ELA COMMON CORE STANDARDS MET CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RF.1.1 Demonstrate understanding of the organization and basic features of print. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RF.1.1.A Recognize the distinguishing features of a sentence (e.g., first word, capitalization, ending punctuation). CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RF.1.2 Demonstrate understanding of spoken words, syllables, and sounds (phonemes). CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RF.1.3 Know and apply grade-level phonics and word analysis skills in decoding words. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RF.1.4 Read with sufficient accuracy and fluency to support comprehension. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RF.1.4.C Use context to confirm or self-correct word recognition and understanding, rereading as necessary. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.1.1 Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English grammar and usage when writing or speaking. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RI.1.4 Ask and answer questions to help determine or clarify the meaning of words and phrases in a text. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.1.1 Participate in collaborative conversations with diverse partners about grade 1 topics and texts with peers and adults in small and larger groups. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.1.1.A Follow agreed-upon rules for discussions (e.g., listening to others and taking turns speaking about the topics and texts under discussion). CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.1.1.B Build on others' talk in conversations by responding to the comments of others through multiple exchanges CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.1.6 Produce complete sentences when appropriate to task and situation CHARACTER AND SOCIAL EMOTIONAL (CSED) NATIONAL STANDARDS MET Civic Character A Know, understand, and practice the character strengths of fairness, respect, volunteering and contributing to the common good Civic Character A1 Understand why it is important to share, take turns, and follow rules (of a game, at home or school) Civic Character A2 Explain why it is important for everyone to be respectful, courteous and polite Civic Character A3 Explain what it means to follow the “Golden Rule” Civic Character B Apply and demonstrate the character strengths of fairness, respect, volunteering and contributing to the common good Civic Character B1 Demonstrate the ability to share, take turns and follow rules (of a game, at home or school) Civic Character B2 Demonstrate the ability to be respectful, courteous and polite Self-Awareness A2 Identify personal strengths (e.g., honesty, curiosity, listening) Social-Awareness A Demonstrate the ability to empathize and take the perspective of others, including demonstrating awareness of cultural differences and respect for human dignity Social-Awareness A3 Demonstrate the ability to listen carefully and intentionally to others Interpersonal/ Relationship Skills 1 Initiate and engage in conversation and social interactions with classmates, peers, and adults Interpersonal/ Relationship Skills 7 Play games and appropriately participate in small group classroom activities Responsible and Ethical Decision-Making 1 Describe a rule or principle that everyone should strive to live by (e.g., be kind, be honest, try your best) LESSON PROCEDURE Today we will read our opinion pieces about fairness (from the previous lesson’s worksheet) with a partner. Circle the room to support the students as they take turns reading their opinion pieces to their partner (10 min). Finally, each student will write two sentences on their worksheet about two ways they have shown fairness. GRADE 1 UNIT 7 WORKSHEET 4: SHARING OPINION PIECES ABOUT FAIRNESS Fairness: I treat everyone the same. If someone has been left out, I bring them in. ACTIVITY: Write 2 complete sentences about 2 ways you have shown fairness.