Lesson
2
:

Learning Understanding from a Nonfiction Text

Grade

Grade 6

UNIT

8

Understanding

Last Updated:

June 10, 2025

In Unit 8, Lesson 2, “Learning Understanding from a Nonfiction Text,” students will learn examples of understanding from the lives of the Navajo code talkers during WWII. Additionally, students will answer questions to develop their critical thinking skills and advance their academic dialogue skills through class discussion.

SUGGESTED TIME:

RELATED SUBJECT:

English Language Arts

LEARNING OUTCOMES:

  • Read a short nonfiction text 
  • Determine the author’s purpose in the text 
  • Compose answers to questions about the text that demonstrate reading comprehension
  • Demonstrate understanding of standard English sentence structure and grammar  
  • Practice reading and conversation skills by sharing sentences with classmates

REQUIRED MATERIALS:

ELA COMMON CORE STANDARDS MET

CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.6.1

Cite textual evidence to support analysis of what the text says explicitly as well as inferences drawn from the text.

CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.6.2

Determine a central idea of a text and how it is conveyed through particular details; provide a summary of the text distinct from personal opinions or judgments.

CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.6.3

Analyze in detail how a key individual, event, or idea is introduced, illustrated, and elaborated in a text (e.g., through examples or anecdotes).

CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.6.4

Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including figurative, connotative, and technical meanings.

CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.6.6

Determine an author's point of view or purpose in a text and explain how it is conveyed in the text.

CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.6.10

By the end of the year, read and comprehend literary nonfiction in the grades 6-8 text complexity band proficiently, with scaffolding as needed at the high end of the range.

CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.6.4

Produce clear and coherent writing in which the development, organization, and style are appropriate to task, purpose, and audience.

CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.6.9

Draw evidence from literary or informational texts to support analysis, reflection, and research.

CCSS.ELA-Literacy.SL.6.1

Engage effectively in a range of collaborative discussions (one-on-one, in groups, and teacher-led) with diverse partners on grade 6 topics, texts, and issues, building on others' ideas and expressing their own clearly.

CCSS.ELA-Literacy.SL.6.1.A

Come to discussions prepared, having read or studied required material; explicitly draw on that preparation by referring to evidence on the topic, text, or issue to probe and reflect on ideas under discussion

CCSS.ELA-Literacy.SL.6.1.C

Pose and respond to specific questions with elaboration and detail by making comments that contribute to the topic, text, or issue under discussion.

CCSS.ELA-Literacy.SL.6.1.D

Review the key ideas expressed and demonstrate understanding of multiple perspectives through reflection and paraphrasing.

CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.6.1

Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English grammar and usage when writing or speaking.

CHARACTER AND SOCIAL EMOTIONAL (CSED) NATIONAL STANDARDS MET

Moral Character A5

Understand and explain why caring (and helping others) should never be motivated by the likelihood of being recognized or rewarded for your help or support

Performance Character A6

Describe a role model who demonstrates a positive attitude, effort, and grit

Civic Character A6

Explain what the “common good” means and offer examples

Social-Awareness A1

Experience and demonstrate empathy

Social-Awareness A3

Demonstrate respect for other people’s opinions and perspectives

Social-Awareness A4

Analyze the impact of stereotyping, discrimination, and prejudice (at school, in the community and beyond)

Social-Awareness A5

Practice “perspective taking” as a strategy to strengthen your acceptance of others

Social-Awareness A6

Demonstrate awareness and understanding that despite differences, all people have similar needs, feelings and wants

Interpersonal/ Relationship Skills A5

Understand and practice positive collaboration and cooperation skills (e.g., teamwork)

Responsible and Ethical Decision-Making A3

Write about and share a principle you want to live by that you learned from a family member, book, movie, or personal experience

LESSON PROCEDURE

Step 1: 

Step 2: 

Step 3: 

  • Allow one class period for in-class discussion of the short-answer questions on the worksheet. 

GRADE 6 UNIT 8 WORKSHEET 2: LEARNING UNDERSTANDING FROM A NONFICTION TEXT

Vocabulary

  • Diné/Navajo: A Native American tribe in the Southwest United States. While the tribe members call themselves Diné, the term Navajo comes from Spanish missionaries and historians. For centuries, the Diné have lived on land near where the corners of Utah, New Mexico, Arizona, and Colorado meet. In the 1860s, U.S. troops forced them off their land.
  • Understanding: I seek knowledge and try to learn the truth. I think about other people’s views that might be different from mine.

QUESTIONS TO ANSWER WHILE READING “Unbreakable: The incredible true story of the Navajo code talkers, the top-secret heroes of World War II” by Tod Olson:

  1. What was happening in the Pacific Ocean in 1942?

  1. How had the U.S. government treated Chester’s people?

  1. What did the Marines ask the Diné soldiers to do?

  1. Despite how they were treated by the U.S. government, how did the code talkers serve the common good of America and its allies during WWII by using their understanding?

  1. What was Chester’s first message about? How did it help?

  1. What kinds of messages did the code talkers send?

  1. Who won the war and when did it end?

  1. Why couldn’t Chester tell anyone about his role in the war?

  1. In what ways were the code talkers honored?

  1.  What is one way that you can show understanding in your own life, to Native Americans or to others who are different from you? 

  1. Write about and share a principle you want to live by that you learned from reading this article.

Prohuman K-12 Curriculum © 2025 by Prohuman Foundation is licensed under CC BY-NC 4.0.
To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

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